文法a

句子︱文法b︱文

Ａ五月買一個Ｂ

A buys one B in May. A will buy one B in May. A bought one B in May.

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高太太 高小姐 高先生 高經理

Mrs. Goh Miss Goh Mr. Goh Mr. Goh, the Manager (Manager Goh)

貴國 貴姓

your country (an honorific form of address) your name (family name - an honorific form of address)

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很多Ａ 很多表／很多錢 太多Ａ 太多表／太多錢

very many As / very much A Eg. - very many watches / very much money too many As / too much A Eg. - too many watches / too much money Note: Native Chinese speakers, who have acquired English as a second or foreign language, often confuse the words "so" and "too" when speaking English. This suggests that the word 太 carries both meanings in Chinese. This is reasonable in so far as the word "so", indicates surprize about the quantity in which something is present. In other words, the quantity has exceeded one's expectations and is therefore too much.

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兩個人 not 二個人 第二個人 not 第兩個人 一，二，三，四，。。。，十

two people (兩 is used to count, and is likely always to appear with a counter, such as 個, 本, etc. the second person (二 is not used to count, but does sometimes appear with a counter.) When counting numbers themselves (not people, things, ideas, etc.) 二 is used, rather than 兩.

第Ｃ個Ａ有Ｂ個Ｅ，第Ｂ個Ａ有Ｃ個Ｅ。 第一個人有七個太太，第七個人有一個太太。

The Cth A has B of E, the Bth A has C of E. Eg. - The fisrt person has seven wives, the seventh person has one wife.

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Ａ有兩個Ｂ，一個Ｃ，一個Ｄ。 高學生有兩個表，一個美，一個貴。

A has two B; one is C, and the other is D. (C and D are attributes of each, respectively.) Eg. - Student Goh has two watches; one is beautiful,and one is expensive.

兩個Ａ都有Ｂ。 兩個學生都有表。

Two As have B. (都 occurs with the verb 有 and reinforces the notion that both of the two As have B.) Eg. - Two students have watches.

Ａ兩個都有Ｂ。 學生兩個都有表。

Both As have B. Eg. - Both students have wathces.

兩個Ａ都是Ｂ。 兩個學生都是中國人。

Two As are B. (A and B are one and the same; B is not an attribute of A, B is what A is. Here again 都 occurs in combination with the verb and reinforces the notion that all mentioned are B.) Eg. - Two students are Chinese.

Ａ兩個都是Ｂ。 學生兩個都是美國人。

Both As are B. (A and B are one and the same; B is not an attribute of A.) Eg. - Both students are USAmericans.

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Ａ國Ｂ，Ｃ國Ｂ都很Ｄ。 美國女人，中國女人都很美。

Country A's B and country C's B are both very D. (Countries A and C both have B. B has much of the attribute D.) Eg. - Both USAmerican and Chinese women are beautiful.

Ａ，Ｂ都Ｃ。 高先生，高太太都高。

A and B are both C. (A and B both have the attribute C.) Eg. - Mr. Goh and Mrs. Goh are both tall.

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我太太 not 我的太太

My wife

中國表 not 中國的表

Chinese watches

Ａ的ＢＣ，不Ａ的不Ｃ。 美的表貴，不美的不貴。

B with A is C, B without A is not C. (A is an attribute of B, as is C when A is present. C is an attribute of B.) Eg. - Beautiful watches are expensive, ones that are not beautiful are not expensive.

Ａ有Ｂ個很Ｃ的Ｄ。 高太太有一個很美的表。

A has B very C D. (A has B number of D that are very C.) Eg. - Mrs. Goh has a very beautiful watch.

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太多ＡＢ不Ｂ﹖ 太多表貴不貴﹖

Are there not two many As that are B? (B is an attribute of A.) Eg. Are there not two many expensive watches?

買Ｂ的人太少。 買中國表的人太少。

Two few people buy B. (B is not counted, but can be numerous or in great abundance, because there are so, likely too, many people buying it.) Eg. - Too few people buy Chinese watches.

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ＡＤ，ＢＥ，Ｃ不Ｄ，不Ｅ。 我高，你美，他不高，不美。

A is D, B is E, C is neither D nor E. (A has the attribute D, and B has the attribute E, but C has neither attribute D nor E.) Eg. - I am tall, you are beautiful, she is neither tall nor beautiful.

Ａ有一個ＣＢ。 高先生有一個貴表。

A has one B that is C. A has a B that is C. (C is an attribute of B.) Eg. - Mr. Goh has an expensive watch.

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Ａ很Ｂ，很Ｃ。 高小姐很美，很高。

A is very B and C. (A has much of the attributes Band C.) Eg. - Miss Goh is very beautiful and very tall.

Ａ很Ｃ，Ｂ不很Ｃ。 第一個表很貴，第二箇不很貴。

A is very C, B is not very C. (A has much of the attribute C, and Does not have very much of it.) Eg. - The first watch is very expensive, the second is not.

Ａ是不是有很多Ｂ﹖ 美國是不是有很多中國人﹖ 高經理是不是很多錢﹖

Doen't have A have many B? (B is not an attribute, rather it is something over which A has control. Alternatively, it is something that is contained in A..) Eg. - Doesn't USAmerica have a lot of Chinese? Eg. - Doesn't Manager Goh have a lot of money?

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